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The Sacrament of Matrimony

Marriage:
A Covenant
and a Sacrament

Catholic marriage is not merely a legal contract or a religious ceremony. It is a sacrament — a sacred covenant between a man and a woman that mirrors the love of Christ for his Church.

More than a ceremony

What Makes Marriage a Sacrament?

In most sacraments, a priest or deacon is the minister — the one who administers the grace. Marriage is unique: the spouses themselves are the ministers of the sacrament. They administer it to each other through their freely given, lifelong vows. The priest or deacon witnesses the marriage in the name of the Church.

This is why the Catholic Church takes marriage so seriously. When two baptized Catholics exchange vows, something truly happens — not just legally, not just emotionally, but spiritually. Grace is given. A bond is formed that the Church understands as permanent, faithful, and open to life.

That bond — called the matrimonial covenant — is not just a promise. It is a participation in the love between Christ and the Church. This is the theological foundation of everything the Catholic Church teaches about marriage.

Free

Both parties must consent freely — without coercion, fear, or condition

Total

Each spouse gives themselves completely — nothing held back

Faithful

Exclusive fidelity to one another for life

Fruitful

Open to the gift of children and the transmission of life

Genesis 2:24

"That is why a man leaves his father and mother and is united to his wife, and they become one flesh."

For a valid Catholic marriage

What the Church Requires

Both parties must be free to marry

No existing valid marriage, no impediments recognized by the Church

Both must freely consent

Without force, fear, or condition — full and knowing consent

The marriage must be celebrated in proper form

Before a priest or deacon and two witnesses, in a Catholic ceremony

Both must intend a permanent union

Open to lifelong fidelity — not 'until things go wrong'

Both must be open to children

Not requiring children, but not actively excluding them

Planning a Catholic wedding?

Read the Complete Marriage Guide

Our complete Catholic Marriage guide covers everything — eligibility, annulments explained in plain language, Pre-Cana, interfaith marriages, the step-by-step process, and how to contact your diocese directly with your specific situation.

Read the Full Marriage GuideAsk Your Diocese

Every Catholic marriage begins with a single conversation.

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